This course is to be prepared to serve as a course for power system protection and switchgear for undergraduate and postgraduate students of various technical universities. It aims to give a comprehensive up-to-date presentation of the role of the protection safety system, switchgear, and its advances in modern power systems. It begins with a state-of-the-art survey of theories and methods of protection and switchgear. In continuation, it provides a theoretical summary along with examples of real-life engineering applications to a variety of technical problems. In this point of view, the said course bridges the gap between theoretical advances, experimental validations, and practical engineering in real life.